# RS Computers

> KVM VPS and VDS hosting in Prishtina (Kosovo), Amsterdam (Netherlands) and Dublin (Ireland). The same six plans and prices in every location, from €5 to €160 per month. Every plan includes NVMe storage, a dedicated IPv4 address plus IPv6, unmetered traffic, free weekly backups, full root access, KVM virtualisation, a 99% uptime SLA and 24/7 NOC monitoring. Linux on every plan; Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 on VPS Mini and all VDS plans. No setup fees. Servers are deployed automatically after payment. Prishtina (Kosovo) is sold out at the moment; new orders are taken in Amsterdam and Dublin until capacity is back.

Company: RS Computers LLC, founded 2018 in Kosovo. Office: Rruga Ali Vitia 345, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
Contact: Telegram https://t.me/rscomputersks (fastest), sales info@rscomputers-ks.com, support support@rscomputers-ks.com. Support hours Mon-Fri 09:00-17:00, 24/7 NOC for emergencies. No phone support.

## Plans and prices (EUR per month, identical in Kosovo, Netherlands and Ireland)

- **VPS Nano**: €5/month. 1 vCPU (shared), 1 GB RAM, 20 GB NVMe, 1 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux. Small sites, VPNs and bots.
- **VPS Micro**: €10/month. 2 vCPU (shared), 2 GB RAM, 40 GB NVMe, 1 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux. Websites, apps and dev servers.
- **VPS Mini**: €20/month. 4 vCPU (shared), 4 GB RAM, 80 GB NVMe, 1 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux or Windows Server. Busier apps, databases and Windows.
- **VDS Small**: €40/month. 4 vCPU (dedicated), 8 GB RAM, 240 GB NVMe, 10 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux or Windows Server. Production workloads on a 10 Gb/s port.
- **VDS Medium**: €80/month. 8 vCPU (dedicated), 16 GB RAM, 480 GB NVMe, 10 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux or Windows Server. High-traffic sites and heavier databases.
- **VDS Large**: €160/month. 16 vCPU (dedicated), 32 GB RAM, 960 GB NVMe, 10 Gb/s port, unmetered traffic, dedicated IPv4 + IPv6, free weekly backups. Linux or Windows Server. Large apps, clusters and storage-heavy work.

VPS plans (Nano, Micro, Mini) have a 1 Gb/s port and suit websites, small apps, VPNs and development. VDS plans (Small, Medium, Large) have a 10 Gb/s port and more resources for production workloads, databases and storage-heavy work.

## Order links

### Amsterdam, Netherlands

- VPS Nano (€5/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=28
- VPS Micro (€10/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=29
- VPS Mini (€20/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=30
- VDS Small (€40/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=35
- VDS Medium (€80/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=36
- VDS Large (€160/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=39

### Prishtina, Kosovo (sold out at the moment)

- VPS Nano (€5/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin
- VPS Micro (€10/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin
- VPS Mini (€20/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin
- VDS Small (€40/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin
- VDS Medium (€80/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin
- VDS Large (€160/month): sold out, order the same plan in Amsterdam and Dublin

### Dublin, Ireland

- VPS Nano (€5/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=24
- VPS Micro (€10/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=25
- VPS Mini (€20/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=26
- VDS Small (€40/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=32
- VDS Medium (€80/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=33
- VDS Large (€160/month): https://client.rscomputers-ks.com/cart.php?a=add&pid=34

## Why buy from RS Computers

- Local presence in Kosovo: lower latency for users in Kosovo and the Balkans through local peering, data kept in the country under Kosovo's data-protection law, and a Kosovo IP address.
- European reach: the same plans in Amsterdam and Dublin, two of Europe's best-connected internet hubs, for users across Europe or for redundancy.
- Transparent pricing in euros, the same in every location, with no setup fees.
- Free weekly backups on every plan, restorable from the client area.
- Dedicated IPv4 and IPv6 on every server, not shared and not behind NAT.
- Full root or administrator access, your choice of Linux distribution or Windows Server.
- Support in the local time zone by Telegram and email, with 24/7 NOC monitoring for emergencies.
- Payment by bank transfer or cryptocurrency.

## IP transit (BGP) from Skopje and Amsterdam

RS Computers also sells IP transit from its PoPs in Skopje (North Macedonia) and Amsterdam (Netherlands), delivered by cross-connect at the PoP (10 Gbit/s ports as standard, set to the speed bought) or over any tunnel (GRE, IPIP, IPsec, WireGuard, VXLAN, L2TPv3, EoIP, OpenVPN or anything that carries IP) to networks anywhere. IPv4 and IPv6, full table or default route, IRR/RPKI validated. Same prices at both PoPs, per month:

- **1 Gbit/s**: €150/month, flat rate, unmetered, no contract, no setup fee, BGP session included, 10 Gbit/s port (€0.15 per Mbit/s). A second upstream for a small ISP, a hosting network or a campus.
- **5 Gbit/s**: €625/month, flat rate, unmetered, no contract, no setup fee, BGP session included, 10 Gbit/s port (€0.125 per Mbit/s). Regional ISPs, CDN and streaming nodes, busy hosting networks.
- **10 Gbit/s**: €1000/month, flat rate, unmetered, no contract, no setup fee, BGP session included, 10 Gbit/s port (€0.10 per Mbit/s). A full 10 Gbit/s port, flat, for networks that push traffic all day.

Points of presence and cross-connect sites:

- **Skopje, North Macedonia**: PoP in neoDC data centre (Neocom), Kuzman Josifovski Pitu 15, 1000 Skopje. Carrier-neutral colocation, Tier 3+ design, ISO 27001, 24/7 remote hands. Cross-connect also possible at Telesmart DC Skopje (Skopje Exchange Teleroom) (Bul. Kiro Gligorov 4, 1000 Skopje) and FINKI, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering (UKIM) (Rugjer Boshkovikj 16, 1000 Skopje), carried to the PoP over our own link.
- **Amsterdam, Netherlands**: PoP in Qupra Datacenter, Nieuwe Hemweg 26, 1013 CX Amsterdam. Carrier-neutral telecom and fibre exchange facility, with dark fibre to Nikhef, Global Switch and the Digital Realty tower. Cross-connect also possible at Nikhef Housing (Amsterdam Science Park) (Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam), carried to the PoP over our own link.

No setup fees on any tier or delivery and no contract (month to month). Tunnel delivery has no delivery cost at all; for a cross-connect only the data centre's own cabling charge may apply, remote hand-off transport is quoted monthly. Details and FAQ: https://rscomputers-ks.com/ip-transit/. Order by Telegram or email with your ASN, prefixes, commit and PoP.

## Popular use cases

Anything that runs on Linux or Windows Server runs on these servers (full root access). Common uses: WireGuard or OpenVPN private VPN with a dedicated IP; n8n automation and AI agents; websites and WordPress; Docker and containers; game servers (Minecraft, CS2, Rust, Valheim, Palworld); PostgreSQL, MySQL, Redis or MongoDB databases; Telegram and Discord bots; mail servers (Mailcow, Mail-in-a-Box); Nextcloud file sync; Windows remote desktop (RDP); off-site backups (Restic, Borg, MinIO); web scraping and crawlers; AI apps and LLM tools (Open WebUI, LangChain, vector databases); reverse proxies with SSL (Nginx, Caddy, Traefik); dev and staging servers; e-commerce (WooCommerce, PrestaShop, Medusa); monitoring (Uptime Kuma, Grafana, Prometheus); VoIP and PBX (Asterisk, FreePBX); media streaming (Plex, Jellyfin, Icecast); learning Linux and DevOps labs. See https://rscomputers-ks.com/#use-cases for the full list.

## Pages

- [Home](https://rscomputers-ks.com/): cloud VPS in Kosovo, the Netherlands and Ireland: plans, use cases, locations and features
- [VPS & VDS plans](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-server/): all plans with prices, a location switch, use cases, included features and FAQ
- [VPS in Kosovo](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-kosovo/): KVM VPS and VDS hosted in Prishtina, Kosovo: local peering for Kosovo and the Balkans, data under Kosovo law, plans and FAQ
- [VPS in the Netherlands](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-netherlands/): KVM VPS and VDS in Amsterdam for users across Europe: plans, network and FAQ
- [VPS in Ireland](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-ireland/): KVM VPS and VDS in Dublin for Ireland, the UK and transatlantic traffic: plans and FAQ
- [Windows VPS](https://rscomputers-ks.com/windows-vps/): Windows Server 2019, 2022 and 2025 VPS with Remote Desktop in Prishtina, Amsterdam and Dublin: plans and FAQ
- [Forex VPS](https://rscomputers-ks.com/forex-vps/): Windows VPS for MetaTrader 4/5 and cTrader, near brokers in London and Frankfurt (about 7 ms from our Amsterdam servers): plans and FAQ
- [Minecraft server hosting](https://rscomputers-ks.com/minecraft-server-hosting/): VPS for Minecraft and other game servers in Amsterdam, Prishtina and Dublin: sizing, locations and FAQ
- [n8n hosting](https://rscomputers-ks.com/n8n-hosting/): self-hosted n8n on a VPS in the EU or Kosovo: sizing, n8n Cloud vs self-hosted, FAQ
- [WordPress VPS hosting](https://rscomputers-ks.com/wordpress-vps/): WordPress on a KVM VPS in Amsterdam, Dublin or Prishtina: shared hosting vs VPS, RAM sizing per site type, setup, migration and FAQ
- [WireGuard VPN server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/wireguard-vpn-server/): your own WireGuard VPN on a VPS with a dedicated IP in Kosovo, the Netherlands or Ireland: FAQ
- [OpenStack services](https://rscomputers-ks.com/openstack-services/): OpenStack private cloud design, deployment and operation: bare metal servers, routers, switches, spine-leaf networking, BGP and Ceph, in our data centres and PoPs in Kosovo, Amsterdam, Dublin, Skopje (North Macedonia) and Albania, or on premises at the customer's site; quoted per project
- [About](https://rscomputers-ks.com/about-us/): company history since 2018, locations in Prishtina, Amsterdam and Dublin
- [Contact](https://rscomputers-ks.com/contact/): Telegram, sales and support email, support tickets
- [Blog](https://rscomputers-ks.com/blog/): articles on VPS hosting, VPNs, OpenStack, Kubernetes (OKD), Ceph and cloud infrastructure

## Dedicated servers

- [Dedicated servers](https://rscomputers-ks.com/dedicated-servers/): AMD EPYC bare metal servers in Skopje with enterprise NVMe, monthly with no setup fee and no commitment, free BGP on the server and BYOIP via AS213900, 1 Gbit/s ports with fair-share traffic, ordered on Telegram and ready in 24 to 48 hours; current servers and prices are listed on the page; Amsterdam coming soon

## IP transit pages

- [IP transit in Amsterdam](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ip-transit-amsterdam/): flat-rate BGP transit at Qupra Datacenter with a remote hand-off at Nikhef, or over any tunnel
- [IP transit in Skopje](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ip-transit-skopje/): flat-rate BGP transit at neoDC with remote hand-offs at Telesmart and FINKI (IXP.mk), or over any tunnel

## Blog posts

- [Block AI Scrapers on Your Own Server: Anubis on a VPS (Tested)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/anubis-block-ai-scrapers-vps/) (published 2026-10-13): We put Anubis 1.28.1 in front of an Nginx site on Debian 13. Then we tested it with curl, a fake GPTBot, a fake Googlebot and headless Chrome. Here are the exact config, the allow rules that keep search crawlers in, the HTTPS cookie trap, puzzle times by difficulty and the RAM it used.
- [Serve Markdown to AI Agents from Nginx or Caddy: Self-Hosted Markdown for Agents](https://rscomputers-ks.com/markdown-for-ai-agents-nginx-caddy/) (published 2026-10-13): Cloudflare's Markdown for Agents, rebuilt on your own server. We generate .md copies with pandoc, pick them by the Accept header in Nginx and Caddy, add Vary, Link headers and llms.txt, and measure a real 101 KB article dropping from 32,711 to 9,021 tokens.
- [See Which AI Bots Crawl Your Site: Self-Hosted Analytics for GPTBot, ClaudeBot and PerplexityBot](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ai-crawler-log-analysis-self-hosted/) (published 2026-10-13): AI crawlers never run your analytics script, but every request lands in your access log. We tested awk one-liners, GoAccess with AI categories and a small Python checker that matches each bot's IP against the lists OpenAI, Anthropic, Perplexity, Google and others publish, and flags the fakes.
- [NLWeb on a VPS: Add AI Search and an MCP Endpoint to Your Website](https://rscomputers-ks.com/nlweb-vps-ai-search-mcp/) (published 2026-10-13): We ran Microsoft NLWeb on Debian 13 with Ollama and a local Qdrant index of our own schema.org pages. Install, search and the MCP endpoint worked; answers timed out on CPU. Here is the exact setup, the RAM and disk we measured, and when llms.txt is the better choice.
- [Content Signals, robots.txt and llms.txt in 2026: How to Control What AI Does With Your Site](https://rscomputers-ks.com/content-signals-robots-txt-llms-txt-2026/) (published 2026-10-13): robots.txt decides which bots may fetch your pages, a Content-Signal line says whether they may use them for search, AI answers or training, and llms.txt points assistants to your best pages. Three templates we tested with Google's own parser, plus Cloudflare's 2026 changes.
- [HTTP 402 and Pay Per Crawl Explained: Can You Charge AI Bots From Your Own Server?](https://rscomputers-ks.com/pay-per-crawl-http-402-ai-bots/) (published 2026-10-13): Nginx can answer GPTBot with HTTP 402 and a price in twenty lines, but no AI company pays a price you set yourself. Here is how Cloudflare Pay Per Crawl, Pay Per Use, x402 and Web Bot Auth work in 2026, who would really pay, and the 402 config we tested in our lab.
- [xrdp on a Linux VPS: Remote Desktop to Ubuntu 24.04 and Debian 13, Tested Step by Step](https://rscomputers-ks.com/xrdp-linux-vps-remote-desktop/) (published 2026-10-13): A copy-paste xrdp guide for Debian 13 and Ubuntu 24.04: the XFCE install, the ssl-cert and ~/.xsession fixes, root and TLS hardening, an SSH tunnel instead of an open port 3389, shared folders and sound, a troubleshooting table and measured RAM per desktop session.
- [WordPress on a VPS: Nginx, OpenLiteSpeed, Caddy, FrankenPHP and Apache Load-Tested, Plus Redis and OPcache](https://rscomputers-ks.com/wordpress-vps-stack-benchmark/) (published 2026-10-13): We ran WordPress 7.1.3 on the same 2 vCPU, 2 GB VPS with five web server stacks. Without a cache, all tied at 25 to 28 pages per second. With each stack's page cache, results ran from 916 to 30,434 requests per second, and storing pages gzipped mattered more than the server.
- [FreePBX vs Asterisk in 2026: Which One Do You Need (and chan_sip vs PJSIP)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/freepbx-vs-asterisk/) (published 2026-10-13): Asterisk is the engine, FreePBX the web GUI on top. We ran both on a lab VPS: Asterisk 22 idled at 88 MB and took 100 calls; FreePBX 17 needed 1,168 MB and 6.1 GB of disk. Plus a decision table, chan_sip to PJSIP migration, alternatives and security basics.
- [OpenClaw on a VPS: Self-Host Your AI Assistant Safely (Tested Setup)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/openclaw-vps-self-host-secure/) (published 2026-10-12): We installed OpenClaw 2026.10.2 on Debian 13 and found that its defaults let the model run shell commands on the server without asking. This tested setup adds a user without sudo, a gateway on 127.0.0.1, a Docker sandbox, verified backups and measured RAM for sizing.
- [Hermes Agent on a VPS with Telegram: Your Own AI Agent on a Small Server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/hermes-agent-vps-telegram/) (published 2026-10-12): We installed Nous Research's Hermes Agent on Debian 13, ran its Telegram gateway as a systemd service and measured it: about 220 MB of RAM idle, 2.5 GB of disk, and an installer that needs swap on a 1 GB server. Steps, monthly token costs and plan sizing included.
- [Run Claude Code and Codex 24/7 on a VPS (Laptop Off, Phone in Hand)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/claude-code-codex-247-vps/) (published 2026-10-12): We built a 24/7 agent box on Debian 13: Claude Code 2.1.296 and Codex CLI 0.162.1 under a user without sudo, tmux sessions that survive SSH drops, a systemd timer that pushes each night's work to its own Git branch, sandboxes that hide your keys, and results on your phone.
- [Hetzner Price Increase 2026: What Changed and How to Move Your Servers](https://rscomputers-ks.com/hetzner-price-increase-2026-move-servers/) (published 2026-10-12): Hetzner raised cloud prices twice in 2026: about a third in April for everyone, then up to 175% on CPX and CCX plans in June for new orders and rescales. Here are the official numbers, who is affected, a cost worksheet and a lab-tested migration with a 24-second write freeze.
- [Leaving Microsoft 365 and Google Workspace: An EU-Hosted Office Stack on Your Own Server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/leave-microsoft-365-google-eu-office-stack/) (published 2026-10-12): A service-by-service map from Microsoft 365 and Google Workspace to self-hosted EU tools, the real status of Euro-Office in October 2026 (desktop app, Docker tags), a tested Nextcloud pilot with Collabora and Euro-Office, measured RAM, and server sizes for 5, 25 and 100 users.
- [Immich on a VPS: Leave Google Photos and iCloud (Tested Setup and Storage Sizing)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/immich-vps-google-photos-alternative/) (published 2026-10-12): We installed Immich 3.3.1 on Debian 13 with the official Docker Compose file and fed it 1,000 phone-sized photos and four HEVC clips. Here are the RAM, CPU time and disk numbers, a storage table for 10,000 to 200,000 items, and the backup and restore drill we ran.
- [Gitea 28 Is Out: What Changed, How to Upgrade Safely, and Gitea vs Forgejo](https://rscomputers-ks.com/gitea-28-upgrade-forgejo/) (published 2026-10-12): Gitea jumped from 1.27.3 to 28.0.0 and then 28.1.0, fixing 29 CVEs, and 1.27 no longer gets security patches. We upgraded a PostgreSQL instance and a Docker one in our lab, tested a full rollback, and moved a repository to Forgejo, which cannot take over a Gitea 28 database.
- [VPS for Polymarket and Prediction Market Bots: Real Latency from Amsterdam, Rules and Setup](https://rscomputers-ks.com/polymarket-prediction-market-bot-vps-latency/) (published 2026-10-12): Hosting ads promise under 1 ms to Polymarket, but from our Amsterdam lab a connection that fast only reached Cloudflare. A WebSocket round trip took 12.3 ms and a REST call 25.8 ms; we also cover Polymarket's geo rules, its rate limits and a tested systemd setup for a bot.
- [How to Secure a Debian 13 VPS: SSH Keys, Firewall and Automatic Updates](https://rscomputers-ks.com/secure-debian-13-vps/) (published 2026-10-11): SSH is already installed on your Debian VPS. Verify a separate administrator and key, resolve login problems, apply a firewall with timed rollback, and check automatic updates using our tested steps.
- [Why Is My VPS Slow? Diagnose CPU Steal, RAM, Disk and Network Bottlenecks](https://rscomputers-ks.com/why-is-my-vps-slow/) (published 2026-10-11): Find the cause before restarting: measure process CPU, memory pressure, disk waits and request timing. Includes a measured CPU example, resource-limit checks and a guide to tuning versus upgrading.
- [VPS vs VDS vs Dedicated Server: Which Does Your Workload Need?](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-vds-dedicated-server-comparison/) (published 2026-10-11): Compare shared and dedicated vCPUs, KVM isolation, RAM, storage and recovery needs. Worked memory and disk calculations, current VPS/VDS specifications and four workload scenarios help you size a suitable plan.
- [Move WordPress to a VPS: A Tested Migration, DNS Cutover and Rollback Plan](https://rscomputers-ks.com/migrate-wordpress-to-vps/) (published 2026-10-11): Rehearse files and database migration, verify the destination, then control writes during DNS cutover. Includes tested integrity checks, search visibility, scheduled jobs, troubleshooting and rollback.
- [Ceph Object Storage: Build Your Own S3 with RGW, Step by Step (Lab-Tested)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ceph-object-storage-rgw-s3/) (published 2026-10-11): What Ceph object storage is and how to use it: RADOS, OSDs and the RGW gateway in plain words, erasure coding space maths, then a tested Ceph 20.2.4 lab with S3 buckets, lifecycle rules, bucket policies, presigned URLs, a 1 GB speed test and a restic fix.
- [Ceph Block Storage (RBD): How It Works, CephFS vs RBD, and Real fio Numbers](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ceph-block-storage-rbd-performance/) (published 2026-10-11): What Ceph RBD is, what the 4 MiB "block size" really means, and how krbd, librbd and Ceph-CSI attach it. We benchmarked RBD, CephFS and a plain disk with fio on a Ceph 20.2.4 lab, compared replication size 2 and 3, and hit two traps along the way.
- [VMware to OpenStack Migration, Step by Step: virt-v2v, qemu-img and the Drivers That Break](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vmware-to-openstack-migration-steps/) (published 2026-10-11): A phase-by-phase runbook for moving VMs from vSphere to OpenStack: inventory, object mapping, guest prep, VMDK conversion with qemu-img and virt-v2v, Glance image properties, cutover and rollback. Every conversion step was timed in our Debian 13 lab, including the NIC rename that broke networking.
- [OpenStack Advantages and Disadvantages in 2026: Is It Still Worth It?](https://rscomputers-ks.com/openstack-advantages-disadvantages-2026/) (published 2026-10-11): An honest, dated look at OpenStack in 2026: what you gain (no licences, APIs, multi-tenancy, Ceph, vendor neutrality) and what it costs in people, upgrades and hardware, plus a lab that shows KVM underneath Nova and a decision table by company size.
- [Open Source Block Storage Compared: Ceph RBD, LINSTOR/DRBD, Longhorn and ZFS (a vSAN Alternative)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/open-source-block-storage-vsan-alternative/) (published 2026-10-11): Replacing VMware vSAN or choosing shared storage for KVM, OpenStack or Kubernetes? We compare Ceph RBD, LINSTOR/DRBD, Longhorn, Mayastor, ZFS over iSCSI and GlusterFS on nodes, licences, drivers and effort, and we measured what a two-node DRBD mirror costs in latency.
- [Remote Desktop Can't Connect? Fixes That Work, Step by Step](https://rscomputers-ks.com/remote-desktop-cant-connect-fixes/) (published 2026-10-10): Remote Desktop errors point to one of four layers: the network path to port 3389, the RDP service, the security handshake or the sign-in. This guide matches each error message (CredSSP, NLA, licensing, RD Connection Broker, 0x204) to its cause and fix, plus lab-tested Linux and Remmina folder sharing.
- [n8n VPS Requirements: How Much CPU and RAM n8n Really Needs (Load-Tested)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/n8n-vps-requirements-load-test/) (published 2026-10-10): How much CPU and RAM does n8n need on a VPS? We load-tested n8n 2.42.6 on 1, 2 and 4 vCPU servers. We measured idle memory, executions per second, p95 latency and crashes, then compared SQLite with PostgreSQL and regular mode with queue mode. The result is a sizing table for each plan.
- [IPv4 Prices in 2026: What It Costs to Buy, Lease or Sell a /24](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ipv4-price-2026-buy-lease-sell/) (published 2026-10-10): A /24 of IPv4 sold for about ,100 to ,500 in 2026 and leases for about 0 to 0 a month. Sourced broker prices, the RIPE NCC's own transfer and waiting list numbers, lease-or-buy maths, and five free checks we ran before you pay for or sell a block.
- [Uptime Kuma vs Prometheus and Grafana: Which Monitoring Do You Need?](https://rscomputers-ks.com/uptime-kuma-vs-prometheus-grafana/) (published 2026-10-10): Uptime Kuma checks your sites from the outside; Prometheus, Alertmanager and Grafana show what happens inside your servers. We ran both in our lab, measured RAM and disk with 50 monitors and 3 servers, and compared the cost with UptimeRobot, Better Stack and Grafana Cloud.
- [RDS Grace Period on Windows Server 2025: What Happens After 120 Days and How to License It](https://rscomputers-ks.com/rds-grace-period-windows-server-2025/) (published 2026-10-10): Windows Server 2025 gives a new RD Session Host 120 days without a licence server, then refuses connections. Here are the exact error messages, how to check the days left and the two legal ways out: remove the role and keep two free admin sessions, or license it with Windows Server 2025 RDS CALs.
- [Tailscale on a VPS: Your Own Exit Node in Amsterdam or Dublin, Subnet Router and SSH](https://rscomputers-ks.com/tailscale-exit-node-vps/) (published 2026-10-09): Run your own Tailscale exit node on a VPS for a fixed European IP while travelling, add a subnet router to reach your home lab, and replace SSH keys with Tailscale SSH. Every command was tested in our lab with Tailscale 1.104.1, with real output and memory numbers.
- [Your Own Vercel or Heroku on a VPS: Coolify vs Dokploy Tested](https://rscomputers-ks.com/coolify-vs-dokploy-self-hosted-paas/) (published 2026-10-09): We installed Coolify 4.4.3 and Dokploy 0.30.8 side by side on identical KVM machines and deployed the same Node.js app on both. Here are the measured install times, idle RAM, disk use and deploy times, a verdict table, dated Vercel, Netlify, Railway and Render prices, and the plan size each tool needs.
- [What to Do With a /48 of IPv6 on Your Server: 8 Tested Recipes](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ipv6-48-prefix-server-guide/) (published 2026-10-09): A /48 gives one server 65,536 IPv6 subnets. These lab-tested recipes show how to add addresses without changing your outgoing IP, keep them after a reboot, give each site and Docker container its own public IPv6, set reverse DNS and firewall both protocols.
- [How to Test a VPS Before You Trust It: 6 Benchmark Commands With Real Numbers](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-benchmark-test-commands/) (published 2026-10-09): Six free commands tell you whether a VPS is as fast as its plan says: sysbench for CPU and memory, fio for disk, iperf3 for bandwidth, ping and mtr for routing, and vmstat for CPU steal time. We ran all of them on our Amsterdam server, so you get the commands, what every flag means and real numbers to compare with.
- [Leaving Shared Hosting: The Best Free VPS Control Panels in 2026, Tested](https://rscomputers-ks.com/free-vps-control-panels-2026/) (published 2026-10-09): We installed HestiaCP, CloudPanel, aaPanel and Virtualmin on identical KVM virtual machines and measured install time, idle RAM, open ports and outbound traffic. This guide compares them, shows which panel suits which job, and walks through a tested WordPress move off shared hosting.
- [Run Your Own MCP Servers for Claude and ChatGPT on a VPS](https://rscomputers-ks.com/mcp-server-vps-claude-chatgpt/) (published 2026-10-09): Build a small remote MCP server on a Debian 13 VPS with the official Python SDK, a read-only PostgreSQL user and nginx with HTTPS and a bearer token, test it with the MCP Inspector and Claude Code, and connect it to Claude and ChatGPT. Every command ran in our lab.
- [Vaultwarden on a VPS: Your Own Password Manager for Family or Team](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vaultwarden-password-manager-vps/) (published 2026-10-09): Run Vaultwarden, the free Bitwarden-compatible server, on a small VPS for your family or team. This guide uses Docker Compose with closed signups and invitations, HTTPS through Caddy, and a backup we actually restored. It also gives lab-measured RAM use and compares the cost with Bitwarden and 1Password plans.
- [Supabase or PocketBase: A Self-Hosted Firebase Alternative on Your Own Server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/supabase-vs-pocketbase-self-hosted/) (published 2026-10-09): We self-hosted PocketBase 0.40.5 with systemd and Supabase v0.8.2 with Docker on identical lab machines. PocketBase idled at about 30 MB of RAM; Supabase ran 11 containers using 1.2 GB. Here are the decision table, both install tracks, tested backups and costs compared with Firebase.
- [Odoo or Dolibarr on a VDS: An ERP for Small Businesses Without Per-User Fees](https://rscomputers-ks.com/odoo-vs-dolibarr-erp-vds/) (published 2026-10-09): Dolibarr or Odoo Community? We installed both with Docker on 2 vCPU and 3 GB of RAM, loaded them with 5 and 20 users, and turned the numbers into server sizes. Includes Odoo's per-user prices for contrast, nightly database backups and where your data lives.
- [Headscale or NetBird: Run Your Own Mesh VPN Control Server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/headscale-vs-netbird-self-hosted/) (published 2026-10-09): We installed Headscale 0.29.4 and NetBird 0.80.0 side by side on Debian 13, connected two clients to each, and tested access rules and exit nodes. Here are the measured RAM and disk numbers, the licence differences, and which one fits a home lab or a team.
- [Matrix and Element: A Self-Hosted Slack or Teams Alternative for Your Company](https://rscomputers-ks.com/matrix-element-slack-alternative/) (published 2026-10-09): One afternoon from Slack to your own chat server: we installed Synapse 1.162 with PostgreSQL and Element Web 1.12.30 on Debian 13, created a team from a list, turned federation off and hit the rate-limit trap that breaks history imports. The whole stack used about 245 MB of RAM.
- [Umami or Plausible on a VPS: Cookie-Free Website Analytics Hosted in the EU](https://rscomputers-ks.com/umami-vs-plausible-analytics-eu/) (published 2026-10-09): We installed Umami 3.4.0 and Plausible CE v3.2.1 side by side on Debian 13. Umami used about 230 MB of RAM and Plausible about 700 MB. This guide covers what cookie-free really means under ePrivacy and the CNIL rules, gives tested setup commands and shows how to prove that a pageview was counted.
- [Forgejo on a VPS: Your Own GitHub for a Small Team](https://rscomputers-ks.com/forgejo-git-server-vps/) (published 2026-10-09): A team onboarding guide to Forgejo on a VPS: a signed binary install, HTTPS, SSH on port 22 or 2222, accounts and tokens, Forgejo Actions with forgejo-runner, GitHub mirrors, and a nightly dump with a restore we actually ran. The whole stack used 227 MB of RAM in our lab.
- [Paperless-ngx on a VPS: Scan, Search and Archive Every Business Document in One Evening](https://rscomputers-ks.com/paperless-ngx-document-archive-vps/) (published 2026-10-09): A tested walkthrough for Paperless-ngx 3.3 on a Debian 13 VPS: the official Docker Compose stack, Albanian, German and English OCR (order matters), matching rules, email import, a nightly export we actually restored, measured RAM and OCR times, and record retention rules.
- [Jitsi Meet on a VPS: Private Video Calls Without Zoom Licences](https://rscomputers-ks.com/jitsi-meet-video-calls-vps/) (published 2026-10-09): A tested guide to running Jitsi Meet on your own VPS with the official Docker setup: the ports to open, how to stop strangers creating rooms, what recording really needs, and how much RAM and bandwidth a meeting server uses, with Zoom and Google Meet prices for comparison.
- [Why Your Business Needs a Geocoding API: Addresses, IP Location and Time Zones with My Geocode](https://rscomputers-ks.com/geocoding-api-for-business-mygeocode/) (published 2026-10-09): What a geocoding API does for checkouts, store locators, CRM maps and fraud checks, every My Geocode endpoint tested with real answers, drop-in replacement for the Google Maps API, costs at real volumes, and a cached CSV geocoding script.
- [Claude Code on a VDS: Build and Test Crypto Trading and Alert Bots, Step by Step](https://rscomputers-ks.com/claude-code-vds-crypto-trading-bot/) (published 2026-10-09): How to run Claude Code on a VDS to build crypto bots: Freqtrade in dry-run with a real backtest against holding, API keys locked to a fixed IPv4, exchange limits and MiCA, a Telegram alert bot for prices and news, and a /48 of IPv6 for data collection.
- [Is Your Linux Server Under a DDoS Attack? Five Commands That Tell You, Tested in Our Lab](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ddos-attack-linux-server-detect/) (published 2026-10-09): Five commands that show a DDoS attack on a Linux server, from packets per second to SYN cookies and the conntrack table, with the numbers they showed during a real SYN and UDP flood in our lab, what the server can fix itself and when to move the fight upstream.
- [n8n vs Zapier vs Make in 2026: What the Same Workflow Really Costs](https://rscomputers-ks.com/n8n-vs-zapier-vs-make-cost/) (published 2026-10-09): One five-step workflow priced on Zapier, Make and n8n Cloud from their official pricing pages, what 10,000, 100,000 and 1 million runs cost, what self-hosting n8n involves, and what its Sustainable Use License allows.
- [Build a Small Ceph Cluster on Three VPS: A Test Lab, Step by Step](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ceph-cluster-three-vps-test-lab/) (published 2026-10-09): A tested guide to a three-node Ceph lab with cephadm on ordinary VPS servers: an OSD on a one-disk server, block storage with RBD, a shared CephFS, S3 with RGW, and what happened when we switched one node off.
- [How to Get Your Own ASN and IP Addresses in 2026: Costs, RIPE Steps and Your First BGP Session](https://rscomputers-ks.com/own-asn-ip-addresses-bgp-guide/) (published 2026-10-09): What an ASN and your own IP space cost in the RIPE region in 2026, RIPE membership versus a sponsoring LIR, waiting, buying or leasing IPv4, IRR objects and ROAs that upstreams accept, and a BIRD configuration we tested for the first BGP session.
- [Cheap Windows RDP in Amsterdam, Dublin and Prishtina for Social Media Management](https://rscomputers-ks.com/cheap-windows-rdp-social-media-management/) (published 2026-10-09): How agencies and freelancers run client social media from one Windows server with a fixed IP: what Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, LinkedIn, YouTube and X allow, a team desktop with a browser profile per client, which city and plan to pick, and the two-user limit.
- [Remote DDoS Protection over a GRE Tunnel from Amsterdam: Your Prefixes on GSL, Live in Hours](https://rscomputers-ks.com/remote-ddos-protection-gre-tunnel-amsterdam/) (published 2026-10-09): Keep your network where it is and have your prefixes announced and filtered on Global Secure Layer: GRE from our Amsterdam PoP at Qupra, 500 Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s of clean traffic, your ASN directly under GSL, and most tunnels live within 2 to 4 hours.
- [VPS for Nutra and Health Affiliate Offers: Tracker Servers, Fast Landing Pages and the Rules That Keep Campaigns Running](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vps-for-nutra-health-affiliate-offers/) (published 2026-10-08): How to host nutra and health affiliate campaigns properly: Keitaro and Binom server sizing from their official docs, a fast landing page server tested on Debian 13, where to place servers for European and Balkan buyers, and the health-claim, review and ad rules that keep offers live.
- [Move a VMware VM to a KVM VPS: Convert VMDK or OVA to QCOW2 Step by Step](https://rscomputers-ks.com/vmware-to-kvm-vps-migration/) (published 2026-10-07): Leaving VMware after the Broadcom changes: prepare Linux and Windows guests for VirtIO, convert VMDK or OVA disks to QCOW2 with qemu-img or virt-v2v, test-boot the result and move it to a KVM VPS, with every command tested on Debian 13.
- [KVM vs OpenStack vs Proxmox: What Actually Runs Your VPS, Explained Simply](https://rscomputers-ks.com/kvm-vs-openstack-vs-proxmox/) (published 2026-10-07): KVM is the engine, OpenStack and Proxmox are the managers on top: the virtualization stack in plain words, how a KVM VPS differs from an OpenVZ or LXC container, and three commands that show what your server really runs.
- [Game Servers on a VPS: Minecraft, CS2, Rust, Valheim and Palworld Close to Your Players](https://rscomputers-ks.com/game-server-hosting-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): Your own game server on a VPS or VDS near your players: what Minecraft, Counter-Strike 2, Rust, Valheim and Palworld really need, which ports to open, setup commands updated for 2026 and the mistakes that cost an evening.
- [Asterisk vs FreePBX for a Small Office Phone System on Your Own VPS](https://rscomputers-ks.com/asterisk-freepbx-voip-pbx-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): Asterisk is the engine, FreePBX the web interface on top. Which one a small office should run, why FreePBX 17 needs Debian 12, both installs step by step, the ports, codecs and latency that matter, the rules that stop toll fraud, and why a FreePBX 16 box needs replacing.
- [A Staging Server VPS with Your Own CI Runner and Branch Previews](https://rscomputers-ks.com/dev-staging-server-ci-runner-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): Your own staging site, CI runner and per-branch previews on a VPS: what it saves in CI minutes and build time, which runner or PaaS to pick, tested Debian 13 commands with Caddy wildcard HTTPS, and the 2026 security lessons from TanStack and actions/checkout v7.
- [A VPS for Web Scraping: Responsible Monitors with Python and Playwright](https://rscomputers-ks.com/web-scraping-crawlers-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): A small VPS can watch supplier prices, EU tenders and changing pages around the clock. The rules that keep a scraper welcome, when to pick httpx2, Scrapy or Playwright, and three monitors for Debian 13, tested line by line in October 2026.
- [Windows VPS with RDP: Remote Desktop for Trading and Office Apps](https://rscomputers-ks.com/windows-rdp-vps-remote-desktop/) (published 2026-10-06): A Windows Server VPS you reach over Remote Desktop keeps MetaTrader or a Windows-only office program running while your own PC is off. Which plan and city to choose, how to connect from Windows, Mac, phones and Linux, eight steps that keep password-guessing bots out, and the 2026 changes to RDP files and patches.
- [E-commerce VPS Hosting: Why Speed Is Sales, and How to Run WooCommerce on Your Own Server](https://rscomputers-ks.com/woocommerce-prestashop-ecommerce-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): A mobile site 0.1 seconds faster went with 8.4% more retail conversions in Deloitte's study for Google. What that means for your shop, the Debian 13 stack that makes WooCommerce fast, keeping card data off your server, and when to move up to a VDS.
- [Telegram and Discord Bot Hosting on a VPS: Two Working Bots in Python and Node.js](https://rscomputers-ks.com/host-telegram-discord-bot-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): Your bot works on a laptop and dies when the lid closes. Build a Python Telegram bot and a discord.js bot on a Debian 13 VPS, keep both online with systemd, move Telegram to a webhook behind Caddy and stay clear of the limits that can cost you a token.
- [Learn Linux on a VPS: A 30-Day Plan From First SSH Login to DevOps](https://rscomputers-ks.com/learn-linux-devops-lab-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): A 30-day plan to learn Linux on a real Debian 13 or Ubuntu server: your first SSH login from Windows, a Mac or a phone, a sudo user, a firewall set up in the right order, SSH keys, real attacks in your own logs, then an exam track and DevOps tools.
- [Self-Hosted Nextcloud on a VPS: Moving Your Team Off Google Drive or Dropbox in a Weekend](https://rscomputers-ks.com/nextcloud-private-cloud-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): Moving a small team off Google Drive or Dropbox to self-hosted Nextcloud 35 in one weekend: what to prepare on Friday, how much server AIO really needs, Euro-Office or Collabora, the Debian 13 install, backups in three layers, 2FA and where your data should live.
- [Off-Site VPS Backups with restic and Borg: An Append-Only Setup, and What Replaced MinIO](https://rscomputers-ks.com/offsite-backups-restic-minio-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): Encrypted, append-only backups on a second VPS in another city: restic or Borg, rest-server set up step by step on Debian 13, Windows PCs, a retention rule attackers cannot game, what to use now that MinIO is archived, and a monthly restore drill.
- [Self-Host PostgreSQL, MySQL, Redis and MongoDB on a Database VPS](https://rscomputers-ks.com/postgresql-mysql-redis-database-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): When a database VPS beats a managed database, which engine to choose, how much RAM each plan gives it, tested Debian 13 setups for PostgreSQL 18, MariaDB, Valkey and MongoDB 9.0, safe remote access, and backups you have actually restored.
- [Reverse Proxy and Free HTTPS on a VPS: Caddy vs Nginx vs Traefik](https://rscomputers-ks.com/reverse-proxy-ssl-caddy-nginx-traefik/) (published 2026-10-05): One VPS, many apps, free HTTPS for every name. Caddy, Nginx with Certbot and Traefik compared on Debian 13, with tested commands, the 2026 certificate lifetime and rate limit rules, hardening and the errors you will actually meet.
- [Self-Hosted Server Monitoring with Uptime Kuma, Prometheus and Grafana from a Second Location](https://rscomputers-ks.com/uptime-kuma-grafana-monitoring-vps/) (published 2026-10-05): A monitor on the server it watches goes silent when that server fails. How to run Uptime Kuma, Prometheus, Alertmanager and Grafana on a small VPS in another city, with Telegram alerts, tested Debian 13 commands and the defaults worth changing.
- [Self-Host Open WebUI on a VPS Without a GPU: What a CPU Server Can and Cannot Do for AI](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ai-apps-open-webui-llm-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): A CPU server runs Open WebUI for a whole team on your own API keys, plus small local models, embeddings and a vector database. What fits in 4 to 32 GB of RAM, measured CPU speeds, a Debian 13 setup tested with Open WebUI 0.11.4 and Ollama 0.35.1, and what still leaves the server.
- [A Media Server VPS for Jellyfin, Plex, Icecast and AzuraCast: Streams, Sizing and Setup](https://rscomputers-ks.com/jellyfin-plex-icecast-streaming-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): A media server VPS has bandwidth to spare; the missing GPU and Plex's remote rule are the catches. How many streams a 1 or 10 Gb/s port carries, how to build a library for direct play, Jellyfin with HTTPS and an Icecast radio station step by step on Debian 13, AzuraCast and Owncast, and what changed in Jellyfin 12 and Plex in 2026.
- [Self-Hosted Mail Server on a VPS: Should You, Which Stack, and How to Reach the Inbox](https://rscomputers-ks.com/self-hosted-mail-server-mailcow-vps/) (published 2026-10-06): Should you run your own mail at all? A go or no-go checklist, mailcow vs Mail-in-a-Box vs Stalwart against their official requirements, every DNS record explained, the Gmail, Yahoo and Outlook.com sender rules, and a mailcow setup on Debian 13.
- [Run Docker on a VPS: Compose Stacks, Portainer and a Small Kubernetes Node](https://rscomputers-ks.com/docker-containers-vps/) (published 2026-10-04, updated 2026-10-11): Docker runs best on a real KVM virtual machine. Setting it up on an RS Computers VPS, a Compose stack with Caddy and Portainer, the firewall mistake almost everyone makes, backups, k3s and twelve things worth self-hosting.
- [WordPress and Websites on a VPS: Why Move Off Shared Hosting and How to Start](https://rscomputers-ks.com/wordpress-website-hosting-vps/) (published 2026-10-03): Shared hosting is cheap until your site matters. What a VPS or VDS gives WordPress, Laravel and static sites, why host it with RS Computers, and a 20-minute setup with a free control panel.
- [Self-Host n8n on a VPS: Setup Guide and 12 Business Use Cases](https://rscomputers-ks.com/self-host-n8n-automation-vps/) (published 2026-10-02): Why businesses self-host n8n on a VPS instead of paying per task, twelve automations from lead capture to AI agents, and a Docker Compose setup you can finish in 15 minutes.
- [Why Buy a VPS in Kosovo? 7 Benefits for Your Business](https://rscomputers-ks.com/why-buy-vps-in-kosovo/) (published 2026-10-01): Shorter network paths through local peering, content governed by Kosovo law, your own private VPN and data that stays in the country: why a VPS in Kosovo makes sense.
- [WireGuard VPN in Kosovo: YouTube Without Ads (Debian 13)](https://rscomputers-ks.com/wireguard-vpn-kosovo-vps-debian-13/) (published 2026-09-29): Your own private VPN with a Kosovo IP: YouTube without ads on every device, safe public Wi-Fi, and a step-by-step WireGuard setup on Debian 13.
- [OpenStack Load Balancer as a Service (LBaaS): How Octavia Works, With a CLI Walkthrough](https://rscomputers-ks.com/openstack-load-balancer-as-a-service-lbaas/) (published 2025-04-22, updated 2026-10-06): Neutron LBaaS is gone and Octavia is OpenStack's load balancer. How its controllers and HAProxy amphorae fit together, when the lighter OVN provider is enough, a CLI walkthrough with TLS and L7 rules, real HA settings and the PENDING_CREATE trap.
- [Ceph Object Storage and Block Storage Explained: RGW, RBD, Architecture and Cloud Use in 2026](https://rscomputers-ks.com/ceph-block-and-object-storage-for-scalable-cloud-infrastructure/) (published 2025-04-20, updated 2026-10-06): How Ceph object storage (RGW) and RBD block storage work, when to pick block, object or CephFS, how OpenStack and Rook use them, what hardware and network a cluster needs, and which release to run now that Squid reaches end of life.
- [cPanel to Kubernetes: What Replaces It, How to Move Sites, Mail and DNS, and When Not To](https://rscomputers-ks.com/moving-from-cpanel-to-kubernetes-solution/) (published 2025-04-15, updated 2026-10-06): cPanel now licenses by the account and keeps each site on a single server. What a Kubernetes stack uses in its place in 2026, how to move sites, mail and DNS in reversible steps, and when a VPS with HestiaCP or CloudPanel is the better step.
- [Migrate from VMware to OpenStack: Why Teams Leave Broadcom and How to Move Your VMs](https://rscomputers-ks.com/why-to-migrate-from-vmware-to-openstack/) (published 2025-04-10, updated 2026-10-06): Why teams leave VMware after Broadcom, what replaces vCenter, vMotion, DRS, HA, vSAN and NSX in OpenStack, how to convert VMDK disks with virt-v2v and qemu-img, cut over in waves, and when Proxmox or a hosted VPS is the smarter move.
- [OKD on OpenStack in 2026: Installing OKD 5 Kubernetes with IPI or UPI](https://rscomputers-ks.com/okd-on-openstack/) (published 2025-04-08, updated 2026-10-06): OKD 5.0 runs Kubernetes 1.36 on CentOS Stream CoreOS 10, and OpenStack is one of its documented platforms. What your OpenStack project needs, when to pick IPI or UPI, how Octavia, Cinder, Manila and Swift plug in, and how upgrades work since OKD Cincinnati.
- [What Is OKD Kubernetes? How It Compares with Red Hat OpenShift, Plain Kubernetes and k3s](https://rscomputers-ks.com/okd-kubernetes-scalability-on-any-infrastructure/) (published 2025-04-05, updated 2026-10-06): OKD is the free Kubernetes distribution OpenShift is built from. What the name means, OKD 5.0 vs OpenShift, plain Kubernetes and k3s, what it adds, the hardware it really needs, who supports it and when to pick something lighter.
- [Proxmox vs OpenStack: An Honest 2026 Comparison of Proxmox VE 9 and OpenStack Hibiscus](https://rscomputers-ks.com/proxmoxvsopenstack/) (published 2025-04-02, updated 2026-10-06): Proxmox VE 9.2 or OpenStack 2026.2 Hibiscus? An honest comparison by team size and use case: quotas and multi-tenancy, Proxmox SDN against Neutron and OVN, Ceph, HA, node limits, support, how KVM fits both, and where CloudStack and OpenNebula sit.
- [OpenStack Advantages and Disadvantages in 2026: Is It Still Relevant?](https://rscomputers-ks.com/why-openstack-is-the-engine-behind-modern-cloud-platforms/) (published 2025-03-28, updated 2026-10-06): OpenStack runs on more than 55 million production cores by the latest official estimate, but it costs real staff time and yearly upgrades. Its advantages and disadvantages, who runs it today, the VMware effect, and a short guide to deciding whether you need it.
- [What Is VPNaaS? VPN as a Service Explained, and How OpenStack Neutron VPNaaS Works in 2026](https://rscomputers-ks.com/openstack-vpn-as-a-service-vpnaas/) (published 2025-03-22, updated 2026-10-06): VPNaaS means VPN as a Service: gateways a provider runs for you. Both meanings explained, cloud VPN and OpenStack's neutron-vpnaas, with the 2024 to 2026 changes, an openstack CLI site-to-site example, WireGuard as an alternative and fixes for DOWN tunnels.
- [OpenStack SDN in 2026: Neutron, OVN and When You Still Need an External Controller](https://rscomputers-ks.com/sdn-solutions-in-openstack/) (published 2025-03-18, updated 2026-10-06): Neutron with ML2/OVN is the SDN layer most OpenStack clouds need in 2026. This guide covers what became of OpenDaylight, Tungsten Fabric, Calico and Dragonflow, when an external controller still pays off, BGP in the OVN driver, SR-IOV, DPDK and SD-WAN.

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